RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONVERSION
DEVICES
AE …
Lecture : 3 Year : IV
Tutorial : 1 Part : I
Practical : 2
Course Objective:
The
main objective of this course is to provide fundamental knowledge to detect
potential renewable energy sources near to firm and development of skills on
their conversion devices. After completion of this course the students will be
able to use locally available energy sources to fulfill the requirement of farm
power devices using appropriate tools and methodology.
1.
Introduction: [2 hours]
1.1. Energy Sources and Their
Classification
1.2. Earth Energy Cycle and Human
Interference
1.3. Concept of Energy Audit and Tools of
Energy Analysis
1.4. Energy Requirement in Agricultural
Production System
1.5. Agricultural and Rural Energy
Consumption Pattern in Nepal
2.
Solar Energy [22 hours]
2.1.
Availability and Distribution of Solar Radiation:
2.1.1.
Spatial
and Temporal Distribution
2.1.2.
Measurement
of Solar Radiation
2.1.3.
Solar
Angle, Angle of Incidence and Solar Time
2.1.4.
Incidence
of Solar Radiation on Horizontal and Inclined Surfaces
2.2.
Application of Solar Energy
2.2.1.
Solar
electricity
2.2.2.
Solar
thermal energy application
2.3.
Flat Plate Collectors:
2.3.1.
Principle
2.3.2.
Types
and Material of Construction
2.3.3.
Design
Considerations
2.4.
Concentrating Collectors:
2.4.1.
Types
2.4.2.
Thermodynamics
and Limits of Concentration
2.4.3.
Stationary
Concentrators
2.4.4.
Compound
Parabolic Concentrators
2.4.5.
Multi-Step
Asymmetric Concentrators
2.5.
Solar Air Heaters:
2.5.1.
Types
and Use
2.5.2.
Design
Considerations
2.5.3.
Selection,
Installation and Maintenance
2.6.
Solar Water Heaters:
2.6.1.
Types
and Use
2.6.2.
Design
Considerations
2.6.3.
Selection,
Installation and Maintenance
2.7.
Solar Passive Heating Devices:
2.7.1.
Types
and Use
2.7.2.
Thermal
Storage Walls and Attached Green Houses
2.7.3.
Thermal
Storage Roof
2.8.
Solar Cooker and Oven:
2.8.1.
Types
and Working Principle
2.8.2.
Design
Considerations
2.8.3.
Performance
Evaluation Parameters
2.9.
Photovoltaic Conversion
2.9.1.
Fundamentals
of Photovoltaic Cell
2.9.2.
Materials,
Manufacturing Process and Performance
2.9.3.
SPV
Applications – Solar Lantern, Home/Street Lighting,
2.9.3.1. Water Pumping, Refrigeration &
Cold Storage
2.9.4.
Installation
and Maintenance
2.10. Solar Crop
Dryers
2.10.1.
Types
of Solar Crop Dryers
2.10.2.
Natural
Convection Solar Dryers
2.10.3.
Forced
Convection Solar Dryers
2.10.4.
Mixed
Mode Solar Dryers
2.10.5.
Design
Considerations
2.10.6.
Performance
Evaluation
3.
Biomass Energy
Technologies:
[12 hours]
3.1.
Biomass:
3.1.1.
Definition
and Potential
3.1.2.
Characteristics
of Biomass
3.1.3.
Collection
and Preconditioning of Biomass- Cutting, Grinding, Bailing,
3.1.3.1. Briquetting
3.2.
Biomass Gasification
3.2.1.
Basic
Principles
3.2.2.
Process
Description
3.2.3.
Types
of Gasifiers
3.2.4.
Operating
Parameters and Performance of Gasifiers
3.2.5.
Conditioning
of Producer Gas
3.2.6.
Application
of Producer Gas – Thermal, Engine
3.3.
Biogas
3.3.1.
Introduction
to Biogas
3.3.2.
Basics
of Anaerobic Digestion
3.3.3.
Microbial
and Biochemical Process in Anaerobic Digestion
3.3.4.
Types
of Bioreactors and their Characteristics
3.3.5.
Parameters
for Selection of Reactor Types for Anaerobic Digestion
3.3.6.
Factors
Controlling Rates of Anaerobic Digestion
3.3.7.
Design
of Anaerobic Reactor for Utilizing Cattle Dung
3.3.8.
Construction,
Start-up, Operation and Maintenance of Bioreactors
3.3.9.
Application
of Biogas – Thermal, Lighting, Engine
3.3.10.
Slurry
Utilization as Fertilizer
3.3.11.
Biogas
Production in Cold Climate
3.4.
Bio-diesel
3.4.1.
Introduction
of bio- diesel
3.4.2.
Source
of bio- diesel
3.4.3.
Bio-
diesel production technology
3.4.4.
Application
of bio- diesel
4.
Wind Energy [4 hours]
4.1. Basic Wind Data- Speed and Direction
4.2. Diurnal and Seasonal Variation in
Wind Speed and Direction
4.3. Types of Wind Energy Converters
4.4. Performance and Efficiency of Wind
Mill
5.
Micro and Small
Hydroelectric Systems [5 hours]
5.1. Classification of Water Wheels and
Turbines
5.2. Components of Water Wheels and
Turbines
5.3. Design Considerations
5.4. Power Output and Efficiency
5.5. Popular Micro-Hydroelectric Systems
in Nepal
5.6. Installation and Operation
Management
5.7. Applications in Agricultural and
Rural Development
Tutorials from chapters/topics: 1.4, 2.1, 2.3, 2.4,
2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9.3, 2.10, 3.2, 3.3, 4.4,
& 5.4
References:
1. S. P. Sukahtme. Solar Energy: Principle of Thermal
Collection and Storage. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi (latest
edition)
2. H. P. Garg and J. Prakash. Solar Energy Fundamentals and
Applications. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi (latest edition)
3. John A. Duffie and W. A. Beckman. Solar Engineering of
Thermal Process. John Wiley & Sons. (latest edition)
4. R. C. Fluck and C. D. Baird. Agricultural Energetics. AVI
Publishing Co. Inc. Connecticut. (latest edition - Indian/Low Cost Edition
Preferred)
5. K. M. Mittal. Biomass Systems: Principle and
Applications. New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
6. B. T. Nijaguna. Biogas Technology. New Age International
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
7. W. J. Kennedy Jr. and Wayne C. Turner. Energy Management.
Prentice Hall Inc.
8. Journals of American Society of Agricultural and
Biological Engineers (ASABE)
9. FAO Journals on Biomass Combustion Technologies.
10. FAO Journals on Energy Conversion and Renewable Energy
for Greenhouse Heating
Practical:
1.
Analysis of Solar Energy Applications [3 hrs]
2.
Study on Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic Energy
Conversions [3 hrs]
3.
Study on Solar Crop Dryers [2
hrs]
4.
Determination of Total Solid and Volatile Solid in
Biomass [2 hrs]
5.
Determination of Calorific Value of Different Fuels [3 hrs]
6.
Study on Working of Gasifiers [3
hrs]
7.
Study on Anaerobic Bioreactors for Methane
Generation [2 hrs]
8.
Design of Anaerobic Bioreactors [3
hrs]
9.
Study on Operation of IC Engines on Biogas and
Producer Gas [3 hrs]
10.
Study on Water Lifting System by Windmill [3
hrs]
11.
Study on Performance of Micro-Hydroelectric Power
Generation [3 hrs]
Visit:
1.
One day visit to nearby micro or small hydro
power station.
2.
One day visit to nearby wind mill or water
pumping station.
Evaluation Scheme:
The
questions will cover all the chapters in the Syllabus. The evaluation scheme
will be as indicated in the table below.
|
Chapter
|
Hours
|
Marks
Distribution*
|
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
2
|
16
|
|
2.2
|
2
|
|
|
2.3
|
2
|
|
|
2.4
|
2
|
|
|
2.5
|
2
|
8
|
|
2.6
|
2
|
|
|
2.7
|
1
|
4
|
|
2.8
|
2
|
8
|
|
2.9
|
4
|
|
|
2.10
|
3
|
8
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
2
|
16
|
|
3.2
|
3
|
|
|
3.3
|
4
|
|
|
3.4
|
2
|
|
|
4.0
|
4
|
8
|
|
5.0
|
5
|
8
|
|
Total
|
45
|
80
|
*There
may be minor variation in marks distribution.
Post A Comment:
0 comments so far,add yours
We value your comments. Let us know your thoughts below!