Q.1.
What
are the advantage of farm planning. Name the different techniques which can be
used for farm planning under Nepalese condition?
Ans
:
Farm planning is a process to
allocate the scare resources of the farm to organize the farm production in
such a way as to increase the resource use efficiency and the income of farmer.
Objectives
of farm planning:
- to maximize the
annual net income sustained over a long period of time,
- to maximize the
net income through improved resource use planning,
- to improve the
standard of living of farmer.
Advantages
of farm planning:
The advantage of farm planning are
as follows:
a.
Income Improvement:
Farm
planning provides opportunity to cultivator to improve their level of income.
It is this opportunity of income maximization which includes farmers to adopt
desirable changes. Such income maximization could be achieved from a given
bundle of resources by re-organizing present type of production as well as
introducing change in technology.
If carefully planning of production
programs of the farm will be conducted then obviously farm income increases.
b. Education Progress:
Farm planning is an educational tool
to bring about a change in the outlook of the cultivator and the extension workers.
Knowledge of the last technological advance in agriculture is pre-requisite for
better farm planning, so farmer keep their information up to date through this
forced of farm planning process. this acts as a self-educating
tool for the farmers. The farmers can closely study their own business and see
more clearly their opportunities and limitations, thus improving their
managerial ability.
c.
Desirable organizational changes:
Farm planning is an approach which
introduces desirable changes in farm organization and operators and makes the
farm available unit. The advantage of farm planning approach lies in its
treating the farm as an operational unit and tailoring the recommendations to
fit into the individual farmers, opportunities, limitations, problems and
resource positions.
The
techniques which can be used for farm planning under Nepalese condition are as follows:
-
1.
Preparing the farm map:
The general layout of the farm,
number and shape, irrigation, channels can be shown in farm map.
2.
Recording the history of farm:
It is very important to obtain the
information pertaining to utilization of resources and their efficiency.
3.
Planning Bullock and Human labor requirement:
Next a calendar of farm operation
should be prepared and bullock and human requirements determined for different
months.
4.
Planning the land use and soil conservation practices:
When a fully picture of the
resources and their appraisal is obtained, the next step in farm planning is to
adopt such practices which would lead to the best use of land while planning
the cropping scheme due importance should be taken for soil conservation.
5.
Planning livestock programs:
Livestock and crop production is
having supplementary relationship. the size of livestock depends upon size of
farm, cropping intensity availability of irrigation etc. If irrigation water is
ample naturally cultivator can grow fodder crop throughout year and he can
maintain which animal more.
6.
Planning the marketing of produce:
Only
production is not sufficient to maximize the returns, good price for the
produce is also important. therefore, study of the market condition, prices etc
are essential to deduce the time of selling. Similarly, the agency through
which marketing is to be done must be identified in view of getting maximum
shares in consumer's price.
Q.2. You are the
manager of large farm. How do you successfully manage the farm and how you
incorporate good agricultural practice (GAP) in your farm business.
Ans
Successful farm manager requires the
ability and capacity on the part of farmer not only to make decision but to
make the correct decisions.
If I am the manager of large farm, I would
successfully manage the farm and incorporate gap in my farm business by
following steps.
· Formation of the
goal or objectives of farm.
· Recognition and
definition of a problem and opportunities.
· Obtaining
information, observation of relative facts.
· Specification and
analysis of alternatives.
· Decision making
choosing alternatives,
· Taking action,
· Responsibility for
decision or action taken,
· Evaluation of
output,
The increment of farm business depends
upon how we use our GAP in the farm production. The GAP gives us which kinds of
crops and verities to be grown, the dosage of fertilizer to be applied, the
implements to be used, the way the farm functions are to be performed. So, by
using our GAP we can increase our farm business and finally our company
economy.
